Index (PDF pagination)
- Page ID
- 44724
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\(\newcommand{\avec}{\mathbf a}\) \(\newcommand{\bvec}{\mathbf b}\) \(\newcommand{\cvec}{\mathbf c}\) \(\newcommand{\dvec}{\mathbf d}\) \(\newcommand{\dtil}{\widetilde{\mathbf d}}\) \(\newcommand{\evec}{\mathbf e}\) \(\newcommand{\fvec}{\mathbf f}\) \(\newcommand{\nvec}{\mathbf n}\) \(\newcommand{\pvec}{\mathbf p}\) \(\newcommand{\qvec}{\mathbf q}\) \(\newcommand{\svec}{\mathbf s}\) \(\newcommand{\tvec}{\mathbf t}\) \(\newcommand{\uvec}{\mathbf u}\) \(\newcommand{\vvec}{\mathbf v}\) \(\newcommand{\wvec}{\mathbf w}\) \(\newcommand{\xvec}{\mathbf x}\) \(\newcommand{\yvec}{\mathbf y}\) \(\newcommand{\zvec}{\mathbf z}\) \(\newcommand{\rvec}{\mathbf r}\) \(\newcommand{\mvec}{\mathbf m}\) \(\newcommand{\zerovec}{\mathbf 0}\) \(\newcommand{\onevec}{\mathbf 1}\) \(\newcommand{\real}{\mathbb R}\) \(\newcommand{\twovec}[2]{\left[\begin{array}{r}#1 \\ #2 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\ctwovec}[2]{\left[\begin{array}{c}#1 \\ #2 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\threevec}[3]{\left[\begin{array}{r}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\cthreevec}[3]{\left[\begin{array}{c}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\fourvec}[4]{\left[\begin{array}{r}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \\ #4 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\cfourvec}[4]{\left[\begin{array}{c}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \\ #4 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\fivevec}[5]{\left[\begin{array}{r}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \\ #4 \\ #5 \\ \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\cfivevec}[5]{\left[\begin{array}{c}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \\ #4 \\ #5 \\ \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\mattwo}[4]{\left[\begin{array}{rr}#1 \amp #2 \\ #3 \amp #4 \\ \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\laspan}[1]{\text{Span}\{#1\}}\) \(\newcommand{\bcal}{\cal B}\) \(\newcommand{\ccal}{\cal C}\) \(\newcommand{\scal}{\cal S}\) \(\newcommand{\wcal}{\cal W}\) \(\newcommand{\ecal}{\cal E}\) \(\newcommand{\coords}[2]{\left\{#1\right\}_{#2}}\) \(\newcommand{\gray}[1]{\color{gray}{#1}}\) \(\newcommand{\lgray}[1]{\color{lightgray}{#1}}\) \(\newcommand{\rank}{\operatorname{rank}}\) \(\newcommand{\row}{\text{Row}}\) \(\newcommand{\col}{\text{Col}}\) \(\renewcommand{\row}{\text{Row}}\) \(\newcommand{\nul}{\text{Nul}}\) \(\newcommand{\var}{\text{Var}}\) \(\newcommand{\corr}{\text{corr}}\) \(\newcommand{\len}[1]{\left|#1\right|}\) \(\newcommand{\bbar}{\overline{\bvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\bhat}{\widehat{\bvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\bperp}{\bvec^\perp}\) \(\newcommand{\xhat}{\widehat{\xvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\vhat}{\widehat{\vvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\uhat}{\widehat{\uvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\what}{\widehat{\wvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\Sighat}{\widehat{\Sigma}}\) \(\newcommand{\lt}{<}\) \(\newcommand{\gt}{>}\) \(\newcommand{\amp}{&}\) \(\definecolor{fillinmathshade}{gray}{0.9}\)absolute dominion rule, 173
adequacy of irrigation, 86-87, 90
advance curve, 188-89, 194
advance phase, 200, 204
advance time, 188, 195-99, 203
advance, recession, and infiltration, 18
advection, 51-52, 58
aerodynamic methods, 52
affinity laws, 162-63, 168
air gap, 327, 331
albedo, 51, 58
algae, 308, 311, 321
allowable depletion, 17, 87, 96, 109
application efficiency of the low quarter, 87, 95
application efficiency, 82-83, 87-88, 92, 95, 101, 187, 195, 219, 226, 238
application rate, 36, 187, 214, 229, 238, 255, 263-68, 283-86, 289, 299, 324, 332, 336
application time, 217, 238, 244, 317
application uniformity, 83-85, 94, 193, 330
aquifer, 2, 102-103, 171, 173-78, 180, 182
atmospheric vacuum breaker (AVB), 328
available water capacity, 17-18, 107, 109, 112
available water, 13, 16-19, 107-13, 117
backflow prevention, 157, 302-303, 324, 326- 31
backflow prevention, reduced-pressure zone (RPZ), 327
backpressure, 326-27
backsiphonage, 326-28
bacterial slime, 308, 311-12
basal crop coefficients, 64
basic infiltration rate, 21
basic intake rate, 21
basin and border irrigation, 191, 200
basin irrigation, 81, 185, 195, 200
basins, borders, and furrows, 80
beneficial use, 171, 173-74
Bernoulli equation, 149-51
bicarbonate, 311
big gun sprinkler, 79, 210, 257-66
border irrigation, 185, 200
boron, 133, 138, 141
brake horsepower (bhp), 164
bubblers, 298-300, 305
bulk density, 11-12, 24-25
dams, 182
Darcy-Weisbach equation, 152, 305
deep percolation, 23-24, 81-83, 86-88, 90-91, 99, 101-103, 110, 115, 139, 187, 193, 195, 198, 200, 235
deep wells and well hydraulics, 178
deficit irrigation, 108
depletion, allowable, 17, 87, 96, 109
depletion, soil water, 17, 82, 97-98, 108, 125
depth of water applied, 253
depth volume relationships, 35
dew point temperature, 58, 228
diameter of coverage, 212-17, 235, 248, 250, 266, 284, 292
diameter, wetted (diameter of coverage), 212- 17, 235, 248, 250, 257, 263, 266, 272, 284, 292
discharge, 45, 147, 149, 155, 159-63, 166-68, 178-80, 209, 213, 217-26, 238, 247-50, 279- 81, 285-86, 297-302, 304-309, 312-17, 322, 333-36
discharge, or volume flow rate, 213
distribution pattern, 217, 264
distribution uniformity, 83, 191, 315
ditch, 81, 92, 159, 181, 327
doctrine of prior appropriation, 173-74
doppler, 38, 41, 43
downtime, 95, 99, 226
drag-line system, 236
drawdown, 178-80
drip irrigation, 81, 101, 298-99, 303
drip irrigation, subsurface, 81, 300-301, 332
drip irrigation, surface, 299
duration, 100, 181, 191, 203
effective depth, 87, 110-13, 120, 191
effective precipitation, 116-17, 120
efficiency, 82-83, 86-90, 92-95, 101-102, 147, 160, 163-67, 191-92, 194-200, 235, 315
electrical conductivity, 126, 134-35, 139
electrical resistance blocks and granular matrix sensors, 28
elevation head, 147, 149, 159 ELQ, 88, 94-95, 97, 100, 187, 195, 197, 238
emission uniformity, 86, 315
emitter discharge, 312
emitter, 81, 83, 94, 297, 305-09, 311-17
end gun, 84, 155, 278, 280, 324
energy consumption, 165
energy, kinetic, 147, 286
energy, potential, 147, 148
environmental considerations, 2, 183, 321-22, 324-26, 330
equilateral triangle spacing, 219
erosion, 1, 2, 6, 138, 186, 194, 201, 257 ET, 49-50, 55-57, 62, 68, 107, 112, 116-20, 122-26, ET,
reference crop, 56
infiltration, 20-23, 110, 122, 137, 143, 186-91, 193-200, 203, 284
injection rates and calibration of injection devices, 331
intake family, 288
irrigation development, 3
irrigation efficiency, 90, 101-102, 191, 199
irrigation interval, 99, 113, 197, 226, 238, 242, 254, 269
irrigation management concepts, 7
irrigation pipeline backflow prevention devices, 326
irrigation pipeline low pressure switch, 330
irrigation scheduling, 14, 28, 107, 112, 115-16, 121-24
irrigation system capacity, 95
irrigation systems, types of, 79
land leveling, 80
landscape coefficient, 72-73
lateral analysis, 248-49
lateral design, 220
lateral move, 80, 277-79, 285, 332
laterals, 155, 211, 216-28, 234-44, 248-56, 277, 282-83, 285, 299, 304-305, 312, 333
laterals, periodically moved, 234
leaching fraction, 139
leaching requirement, 139-41
leaching, 139-42, 236, 238, 321, 325
leaf water potential, 123
linear or lateral move, 285
long-wave radiation, 51, 58-59, 230
low energy precision application (LEPA) systems, 124, 278, 287
low quarter, 117, 195, 197
low quarter, application efficiency of, 87, 95
lysimeter, 53, 55
magnesium, 137-38
magnetic flowmeters, 42
mainline, 147, 156, 211-12, 218-20, 223-24, 234-44, 247-50, 254-56, 266, 282, 301-304, 333
management of chemigation systems, 331
management of sloping furrow irrigation systems, 193
management of surge flow irrigation, 204
management plan, 242
management problems, 256
management, 79, 125, 193, 204, 242, 316, 331
management, reactive, 199
manifolds, 255, 301-305, 309, 312, 333
mass balance, 190
mass conservation, 147, 149, 190
mass water content, 12-13
matric potential, 15-16, 24, 27-28
maximum lateral inflow, 223
mean velocity, measurement, 38, 52, 134
ponding, 21-22, 141-42
ponds, 143, 171, 177, 198, 286, 309
porosity, 11-12, 16, 174-75
power requirements, 163
power, horsepower, 162-65
precipitation of dissolved solids, 311
precipitation, 21-22, 53-54, 102, 116, 120, 171, 183, 317, 322
pressure compensating nozzles, 223, 283
pressure differential methods, 40, 44
pressure distribution, 246, 281
pressure loss due to friction loss, 152
pressure loss, 152, 154, 283
pressure regulators, 223, 248, 285
pressure vacuum breaker (PVB)
assembly, 328
pressurized delivery systems, 182
preventing clogs, microirrigation, 308
pump and pipeline hydraulics, 147
pump efficiency, 160, 163, 165
pump horsepower, 164
pump, submersible, 158, 161
pumps, 147, 158-68, 176-80, 182-83, 322, 331
reactive management, 199
recession curve, 188-89, 194
recession time, 189, 195-97, 200
recharge, 2, 6, 102, 171
reclaimed water supplies, 183
reclamation, 4, 141
recoverable fraction, 102
rectangular spacing, 218
reduced-pressure zone (RPZ) backflow prevention, 327
reference crop ET, 56
relative humidity, 52, 66, 67, 229-30
remote sensing, 29, 75
reservoir, 92, 107, 109, 171, 176, 201-202, 309, 311
return flow system, surface irrigation, 80
return flow, 80, 103 reuse, 100, 187, 193, 199
riparian doctrine, 173
role of irrigation in crop production, 2
root, root zone, 11, 15-20, 23-24, 29, 53-54, 68, 82-83, 86-87, 90, 95, 98, 101, 107, 109-19, 121-23, 132, 297
rooting depth, 110-11 rotation, 100, 181, 209, 250, 263, 273, 277, 284
roughness, 152, 181, 187, 305
rule of reasonable use, 174
runoff recovery systems, 80, 89, 191, 193, 195, 200-201
runoff water, 82, 89, 191, 199, 201
runoff, 21-22, 80-82, 84, 87-89, 94, 102, 125, 171, 183, 186, 190-204, 213, 257, 284-93, 325
runoff, options for managing, 200
surface irrigation, 80, 185, 193
surface sealing, 22
surface water supplies, 180
surface water, 173, 180, 182
surface water-groundwater interaction, 182
surge flow irrigation, 203
sustainable, 1, 172
system capacity requirements 95
system characteristics, 100
system components, 209, 301
system design, 255
system evaluation, 94, 252
system types, 298
tailwater, 193
tanks, 324
tensiometer, 27, 28
thermal dissipation blocks, 29
time domain reflectometry (TDR), 26-27, 121
towed sprinkler, 80
tow-line system, 100, 236
toxicity, 132-33, 138
transpiration, 50, 55, 63, 72, 108
traveler, 79, 261-73 trickle, 79, 81, 100, 298-300
tube or cased wells, 178
turbulent flow, 312, 314
ultrasonic measurement, 41
uniform distribution, 187, 194, 209
uniformity evaluation, 251
uniformity, 82-88, 90-91, 94, 101, 186-91, 193, 199-200, 203, 211-12, 216-18, 235, 250-51, 264-66, 280, 308, 312-15, 321, 330
uniformity, Christiansen, 83-84 valve, 156-60, 163, 202-05, 224, 254, 278, 293, 303, 322-23, 326-33
valve, relief, 148, 157, 256, 326-29
vapor pressure, 51, 56, 58, 124
variable frequency drive (VFD), 168, 278
variable rate irrigation, 125-26, 168, 278, 293- 94, 324
calcium, 137-38, 142
calcium, 311
calculating ET, 55
calculation of irrigation efficiency, 191
canal, 92-93, 98, 101, 181-82, 295
capacitance probe, 27
capacity of the soil water reservoir, 109
capacity, gross system, 95-98, 226, 280, 284, 288
capacity, net system, 95-98, 226, 239
capillarity, 15, 20, 118, 297
center pivot irrigation, 80, 83-86, 115, 277-78, 324, 332
centrifugal pump, 158, 160-62
channel, 37-38, 43-45, 147, 180-81
checkbook method, 116-20
chemical amendments, 297
chemical injection pipeline safety devices, 329
chemical injection pumps, 322
chemical injection tubing, 324
chemical leaching, 83, 90
chemigation check valve assembly, 326
chemigation, 321-26, 329-31
chemigation, advantages of, 321
chemigation, disadvantages of, 322
chloride, 133, 138, 142
chlorine, 311-12
Christiansen uniformity coefficient, 83-84
climatic information, 74
clogging, 257, 297, 308-11, 330
column, 55
computing losses due to friction, 152
conservation, energy, 147, 149
conservation, mass, 147, 149, 190
consumed fraction, 102
consumptive use, 6, 102, 316
control station, 303
controllers, 99, 254, 257, 301, 324, 332
conveyance efficiency, 92-93, 98
correlative rights doctrine, 174
cost, energy, 94, 101, 165, 185
coupler, 235, 237, 277
crop coefficient, 55, 62, 66
crop salt tolerance, 135
cumulative uniformity, 250
cutback, 191, 200, 204
cutoff ratio, 190, 193, 195-202
cycle time, 99-100, 204
evaporation, 15, 18, 23, 50, 57, 63, 69, 108, 123, 143, 210, 229-30, 297
evapotranspiration, 49-50, 55-57, 62, 68, 107, 112, 116-17, 122, 125, 131
feel and appearance method, 25
fertigation, 321, 331
fertilizer, 1, 297
field capacity, 15-19, 23, 110, 117, 125
filters, 297, 301-04, 308-12
filtration, 135, 297, 300, 303-04, 308-11
flow control, 222-23, 235, 248, 256, 303
flow measurement in open channels, 43
flow measurement in pipelines, 38
flow measurement, basic principles, 37
flow meter, 42
flow rate, 35, 40, 81, 87, 94-95, 99, 149, 152- 64, 166-67, 176, 180-82, 191, 196, 199-200, 204, 209, 222, 247, 302-05, 310, 324
flume, 44-45
flume, Parshall, 44, 45
flume, RBC, 44, 45
flushing microirrigation systems, 312, 314, 333
frequency domain reflectometry, 27
friction loss, 149, 152, 155, 220, 242, 262, 270, 282, 304-307
frost protection, 228 furrow irrigation, 81, 84, 185-90, 193-200, 204
gated pipe, 156, 186, 193
granular matrix sensors, 28-29, 121
gravimetric method, 24
gravimetric water content, 13
greenhouse irrigation, 298
gross irrigation, 83
groundwater supplies, 176
groundwater, 2, 5-7, 92, 102, 116, 118, 133, 171-77, 180, 182, 325
gun performance, 263 guns, 257, 259, 262
hand-move system, 233-37, 247, 250
hard hoses, 262, 269
Hazen-Williams equation, 152, 154, 282, 305 head, 14-15, 23, 39-41, 44-45, 81, 147-55, 159- 64, 167, 176, 181, 201, 210, 300, 312
Heermann and Hein equation, 85, 97-98, 277
horsepower, 162-65 hose, 237, 247, 261-67, 269-73, 279, 307
hydraulic conductivity, 22, 118, 137, 174-75
hydraulics, 147
hydrostatic pressure, 174
impact of irrigation, 6
impact sprinkler, 209-10, 214-15
impeller, 159-63, 168
impermeable barrier, 21, 174
infiltration factor, 197
measuring soil water content and matric potential, 24
measuring water applications, 35
meter, flow, 42
meter, mechanical, 38
meter, neutron scattering, 25, 27, 53, 121
microirrigation, 79, 81-83, 85-87, 99, 152, 156, 297-99, 301-05, 307-17
microspray, 299-300, 305
minor losses, 149-52, 159
moved lateral systems, 80, 235, 241, 272
moving lateral systems, 79-80, 282
net irrigation, 82-83
net radiation, 51, 56-58
neutron probe, 25-26, 30, 53
neutron scattering, 25, 27, 53, 121
nitrate, 6
nitrogen, 321
non-recoverable fraction, 102
nozzle and sprinkler selection, 285
nozzle, 209-15, 220-23, 226, 229, 235-36, 247- 50, 255-60, 263, 270-72, 280-81, 285-86
open canals,
181 operational characteristics, 238, 268
operational factors, 99
opportunity time, 189
organic materials, 311
orifice, 41, 213, 223, 307, 309, 314
performance measures, 82
periodically moved laterals, 234
permanent wilting point, 15, 17, 19
permeability, 22, 174, 288
pesticides, 6, 102, 183, 202, 321, 322, 331
pipe, 38, 147, 149-58, 180, 182, 185, 209, 220, 233, 241, 277, 282, 298, 304, 311, 314, 328, 333
pipe, iron pipe size (IPS), 153, 156
pipe, plastic irrigation pipe (PIP), 154, 156
pipe, polyethylene (PE), 156, 304, 305
pipe, polyvinylchloride (PVC), 152, 153, 154, 156, 178, 235, 254, 304
pipelines, 37, 147, 149-58, 180, 182, 201, 211, 224, 236, 256, 277, 302, 307, 312, 322-24, 326-33
pitot, 40-41
placement of soil water sensors, 29
plant canopy temperature, 123
plant development, stage, 124
plant monitoring methods, 55
plant response, 108
plant root zone, 110
plant status indicators, 124
plant water use, 49
plugging, 81, 257, 308-11, 321
pollution, 183
safety devices, 324, 331
safety, 101, 273, 324, 326, 329-31
salination, 1-2, 131-32, 143
saline soil, 28, 134, 141
saline, 103, 118, 128, 133, 136, 140, 142, 309, 316
salinity and the environment, 143
salinity management, 131
salinity, 7, 15, 28, 131, 134, 138, 141, 143, 238, 297, 316-17
salt in soils, origin of, 133
sand, silt, and clay separates, 12
saturation vapor pressure, 52, 56-58
saturation, 16, 21, 23, 171, 174
schedule, 107, 116, 120, 123, 181, 316
scheduling coefficient, 90
scheduling using plant status indicators, 123
seepage, 92-93, 98, 181
sensors, 26-29, 121, 125
set or station, 99
set time, 99, 187, 190, 193-201, 203, 226, 238, 242, 254, 269, 273
shallow wells, 176
side-roll, 80, 242
single-sprinkler systems, 79
skid-tow system, 236
sodic soil, 132, 141-43
sodicity, 132, 137-38
sodicity, sodium absorption ratio, 138
soil composition, 11
soil textural triangle, 12
soil water content, 11-12, 15-17, 24-26, 29, 107, 121
soil water deficit, 17, 110, 116, 125
soil water depletion, 17, 108, 125
soil water measurement method, 121
soil water potential, 11, 14-15, 121
soil water reservoir, 16, 109, 119
soil water reservoir, capacity of, 109
soil water, 11-12, 14, 16, 25, 108, 112, 121
solar radiation, 50-51, 55-56, 58
solid-set system, 80, 254-57, 273
specific capacity, 179
specific yield, 174
sprinkler and nozzle selection, 285
sprinkler discharge, 239, 250, 279
sprinkler head, 213-14, 230, 293
sprinkler irrigation systems, 101, 233, 238
sprinkler irrigation, 79
sprinkler performance, 213
sprinkler system design, 226
sprinklers, 209-24, 226-30, 236, 250, 261, 278
stage of plant development, 124
storage of infiltrated water, 23
strainer, 330
submersible pump, 158, 161
surface irrigation systems, improvement of, 193
velocity methods, 43
velocity, allowable, 224
velocity-flow-area relationship, 37
venturi, 322-23
vertical turbine pump, 158-59, 161, 164
viscosity, 23
volume balance, 190
volumetric flow rate, 149
volumetric water content, 12-13, 15-17, 24-26, 114
wastewater, 183, 257
wastewater, land treatment from, 183, 257
water applicators, 307
water balance, 190
water conservation, 102
water hammer, 148, 256
water horsepower, 163-65
water requirements, 316
water resources sustainability, 101
water rights and laws, 173
water stress effects, 68
water supply systems, 171
water table, 116, 118, 174-80, 300
water use process, 50
watered furrows, 190
waterlogging, 1
weather, 2, 7, 50, 55, 58, 71, 74-75, 83, 108, 117, 120, 256
weir, 44
well casing, 180
well construction, 179
well screen, 180
well, tube or cased, 178
wet soil evaporation, 69
wetlands, 174
wetted area, 316
wetted diameter, 214, 257, 263, 272, 289, 292
wetting front, 188, 199
wheel-line system, 237
wheel-move system, 237
wilting, 17, 124