1.1.10: Document Design

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Styles and Themes

Learning Objectives

By the end of this section, you will be able to:

• Apply themes and styles to a document
• Use the Page Background command group

When creating your WorldCorp market trends report, you may choose to use custom formatting or existing formatting to add styles to your document. You can achieve this via the options on the Design tab, by using existing templates in Microsoft Word, or through combining those options to customize a template. Some companies may have existing templates with logos, fonts, or colors that are part of the company brand. The Design tab offers many options for quickly changing the graphical formatting of your document, applying styles across the entire document so you do not have to manually make each change. You can change the color scheme, fonts, and paragraphs, either manually or using the themes and styles in Word.

You may also opt to use a template. Templates are predesigned documents for a variety of purposes, including reports, résumés, flyers, invitations, posters, and more. The advantage of a template is that it already has a design applied. However, you need to ensure the template you select is appropriate for your audience and purpose, and that your content will fit well in the template.

Using Styles and Themes

Your supervisor has suggested that you apply a theme to the WorldCorp market trends report. A theme is a cohesive set of fonts, font sizes, and colors that can be applied to your whole document. However, before you apply a theme to your document, you must “code” your document’s style. Styles are preset formatting for font type and size, line spacing, and other formats that are used to change the appearance of text in a document. Generally, you choose the style for the document before beginning to input the text. By choosing the style, you are coding the document so that Word knows how to format various sections. These codes tell Word which parts of the text are body text, titles, subtitles, and so on. Without these style codes, the theme won’t know how to apply itself to your document.

Styles Pane

Before you can implement styles, you first must label, or code, all the styles in your document. This means selecting parts of the text and using the Styles pane on the Home tab to identify them. For example, all body text must be selected and the Normal style applied; all headings must be labeled as Heading 1, Heading 2, and so on. Once all your text has a style applied, then you will be able to use the themes and styles to full capacity.

You can change the default fonts and font styles in the Styles pane, as Figure 3.31 shows. For example, if the default Normal font is Times New Roman, you may want to change it to Calibri. Then, when you select a segment of text and choose the Normal style, it will make the font Calibri, not Times New Roman. In effect, you are telling the program what you consider as “Normal” text font in this instance.

Figure 3.31: The Styles pane allows you to assign each part of a document a functional style, which can then coordinate with Word’s existing themes. Hovering over each style choice will reveal the changes to the text block in which you have placed your cursor. (Used with permission from Microsoft)

This is the manual way of applying styles. But the real power in using styles is to simply use them as identifiers for your text so that themes can “read” and style the text properly. For example, it wouldn’t matter if you chose Calibri as your Normal font style; if you select the “Madison” theme, for instance, the new Normal font will automatically change to Arial, because that is what comes with the theme. Different themes have different Normal font settings. To see what font a theme uses, you will need to select the theme and see the fonts it uses. Now, let’s explore how to apply a theme and why it works so well with styles.

Applying Themes

Let’s revisit the different headings of the market trends report we worked on in Formatting Document Content in Microsoft Word. Go to the Design tab and select the drop-down menu called Themes. You’ll see that there are over a dozen default themes built into the software (Figure 3.32). As an exercise, choose the “Ion” theme for your document. Selecting “Ion” changes all the available styles in your document. If you want to further change the theme, you can change the color scheme using the Colors menu on the Design tab. There are many different color palettes to choose from. Word offers these preset palettes because designers have determined that the colors work together well to give documents a cohesive, professional appearance.

Figure 3.32: Word offers a variety of themes, each with its own set of fonts, colors, and styles. (Used with permission from Microsoft)

You can change the colors and fonts associated with the selected theme by choosing the menus on the Design tab. Choose the Green color group and Arial font and apply it to the report.

When you change the color and font, all headings and titles of the section will change in one step. There is no need to select each heading one by one because you already coded your document with the correct styles before you applied the theme, so the theme knows which text is which type of heading, and so forth. In the template, the current font of the Normal text is Corbel. By selecting the Fonts drop-down menu, you can change all of the Normal text and/or Headings font. Go to the bottom of the drop-down Fonts menu and select Customize Fonts. A new dialog box will appear with all the fonts installed in Office, as seen in Figure 3.33. Choose a new font and select Save and the headings will be changed.

Figure 3.33: You can modify the fonts in components of a theme, such as headings, and they will change from (a) the default font associated with that theme to (b) the customized font you select to apply. (Used with permission from Microsoft)

Page Background Command Group

The Page Background command group on the Design tab allows users to apply a page border, page colors, and watermarks. A watermark is a lightly colored image, logo, or text that exists in the background of the document. Like changing the page background color, adding a watermark will apply to the whole document. Some companies choose to use watermarks to indicate the status of a document (e.g., “Draft”) or to imprint their company name on each page of the document. To insert a watermark, select the Watermark icon and choose Custom Watermark, as you can see in Figure 3.34.

As an example, let’s add a watermark to the market trends report to indicate that it is a private, internal document. Type “Confidential” into the Custom Watermark dialog box and have it run diagonally across the page. There are a few options to alter the text’s appearance on the page. For instance, if you want to change the text to be less visible, choose Semitransparent. You can even use an image, like a company logo, as a watermark.

Figure 3.34: You can insert customized watermarks such as company logos using the Custom Watermark option. (Used with permission from Microsoft)

Figure 3.35: Watermarks are used to display letters or images on the page background. (Used with permission from Microsoft)

Borders and Shading

Borders add interest and emphasis to your document. Borders make attractive frames for text, pictures, tables, or entire pages. You can customize borders to complement your document by experimenting with Word’s built-in styles. To add a border to text, select the text. On the Home tab, click the small down arrow next to the Borders button, and choose an option OR choose the Borders and Shading option to open the Borders and Shading dialog window.

Borders and Shading

Make sure the Apply to box is set to Text, which adds a border around lines of text, or Paragraph, which creates a border that outlines the paragraph. Also make sure that a choice, like Box, is selected under the Setting option.

Shading is the color or artistic design you use as background for a paragraph. By shading words or paragraphs in Word, you can create visual interest in a document. The Highlight command offers a more limited color selection, which you can use when you review or edit a document to highlight specific text. The shading fill, style, and color can be defined from the Shading tab of the Borders and Shading window. To apply shading to a part of a document, select the data, then click the arrow next to Shading, and under Theme Colors, click the color you want to shade your selection.

Shading palette

Borders can also be added to pictures. Just select the picture, then choose a pre-formatted border from the Picture Styles gallery off of the Picture Tools Format tab.

Picture styles gallery

To remove the paragraph borders and/or shading, choose the None option in the Borders and Shading window. In the Shading tab choose the No Color item in the Fill section, and choose the Clear style in the Patterns section.