5.11: Key Terms
- Page ID
- 58303
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Key Terms and Definitions
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EDA — An approach to analyzing data to discover patterns and check assumptions before formal modeling.
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Univariate Analysis — Examining a single variable's distribution, central tendency, and spread.
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Bivariate Analysis — Examining the relationship between two variables.
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Histogram — A chart dividing data into bins showing frequency distribution of a numeric variable.
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Box Plot — A chart displaying median, quartiles, and outliers for a numeric variable's distribution.
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Scatter Plot — A chart plotting two numeric variables as x-y points to reveal correlation or patterns.
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Correlation Coefficient — A numeric measure (e.g., Pearson's r, -1 to +1) of the linear relationship between two variables.
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Outlier — A data point significantly distant from other observations in a dataset.
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IQR — Interquartile Range — the spread of the middle 50% of data (Q3 minus Q1).
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Correlation Heatmap — A grid visualization using color intensity to show pairwise correlation coefficients.
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PCA — Principal Component Analysis — a dimensionality reduction technique projecting data onto axes of maximum variance.
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Scatter Plot Matrix — A grid of scatter plots showing every pairwise combination of variables.
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Skewness — A measure of the asymmetry of a data distribution (left-skewed, symmetric, or right-skewed).