13.5: Key Terms

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Page ID: 58351

Felix Amoruwa
De Anza College

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Key Terms and Definitions

Amazon Redshift — AWS fully-managed columnar data warehouse using MPP for fast analytical queries.
Amazon Athena — AWS serverless query service running SQL directly on data in S3 — pay per query.
BigQuery — Google's serverless, petabyte-scale data warehouse with separated compute and storage.
Azure Synapse — Microsoft's analytics service unifying data warehousing and big data analytics.
Data Lake — A centralized repository storing raw data in its native format at any scale.
Serverless Analytics — Architecture where the cloud auto-manages compute; users deploy logic, not infrastructure.
Reserved Instance — A 1-3 year commitment to cloud capacity in exchange for significant price discounts.
Spot Instance — Spare cloud capacity available at steep discounts but can be reclaimed with short notice.
Storage Tiering — Moving data between hot, warm, cold, and archive tiers based on access frequency to optimize cost.
Columnar Storage — Storing data by columns rather than rows, enabling faster analytical queries and better compression.
MPP — Massively Parallel Processing — distributing queries across many nodes for speed.
Data Governance — Policies and practices ensuring data quality, security, privacy, and proper usage across the organization.
Vendor Lock-in — Risk that dependence on proprietary cloud services makes migration to another provider difficult.
Apache Beam — Open-source unified model for batch and streaming data processing, used by Google Dataflow.

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