8.39: CRJ OER CJ CH 1A Multiple Choice Questions (40)
- Page ID
- 40623
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\(\newcommand{\avec}{\mathbf a}\) \(\newcommand{\bvec}{\mathbf b}\) \(\newcommand{\cvec}{\mathbf c}\) \(\newcommand{\dvec}{\mathbf d}\) \(\newcommand{\dtil}{\widetilde{\mathbf d}}\) \(\newcommand{\evec}{\mathbf e}\) \(\newcommand{\fvec}{\mathbf f}\) \(\newcommand{\nvec}{\mathbf n}\) \(\newcommand{\pvec}{\mathbf p}\) \(\newcommand{\qvec}{\mathbf q}\) \(\newcommand{\svec}{\mathbf s}\) \(\newcommand{\tvec}{\mathbf t}\) \(\newcommand{\uvec}{\mathbf u}\) \(\newcommand{\vvec}{\mathbf v}\) \(\newcommand{\wvec}{\mathbf w}\) \(\newcommand{\xvec}{\mathbf x}\) \(\newcommand{\yvec}{\mathbf y}\) \(\newcommand{\zvec}{\mathbf z}\) \(\newcommand{\rvec}{\mathbf r}\) \(\newcommand{\mvec}{\mathbf m}\) \(\newcommand{\zerovec}{\mathbf 0}\) \(\newcommand{\onevec}{\mathbf 1}\) \(\newcommand{\real}{\mathbb R}\) \(\newcommand{\twovec}[2]{\left[\begin{array}{r}#1 \\ #2 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\ctwovec}[2]{\left[\begin{array}{c}#1 \\ #2 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\threevec}[3]{\left[\begin{array}{r}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\cthreevec}[3]{\left[\begin{array}{c}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\fourvec}[4]{\left[\begin{array}{r}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \\ #4 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\cfourvec}[4]{\left[\begin{array}{c}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \\ #4 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\fivevec}[5]{\left[\begin{array}{r}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \\ #4 \\ #5 \\ \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\cfivevec}[5]{\left[\begin{array}{c}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \\ #4 \\ #5 \\ \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\mattwo}[4]{\left[\begin{array}{rr}#1 \amp #2 \\ #3 \amp #4 \\ \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\laspan}[1]{\text{Span}\{#1\}}\) \(\newcommand{\bcal}{\cal B}\) \(\newcommand{\ccal}{\cal C}\) \(\newcommand{\scal}{\cal S}\) \(\newcommand{\wcal}{\cal W}\) \(\newcommand{\ecal}{\cal E}\) \(\newcommand{\coords}[2]{\left\{#1\right\}_{#2}}\) \(\newcommand{\gray}[1]{\color{gray}{#1}}\) \(\newcommand{\lgray}[1]{\color{lightgray}{#1}}\) \(\newcommand{\rank}{\operatorname{rank}}\) \(\newcommand{\row}{\text{Row}}\) \(\newcommand{\col}{\text{Col}}\) \(\renewcommand{\row}{\text{Row}}\) \(\newcommand{\nul}{\text{Nul}}\) \(\newcommand{\var}{\text{Var}}\) \(\newcommand{\corr}{\text{corr}}\) \(\newcommand{\len}[1]{\left|#1\right|}\) \(\newcommand{\bbar}{\overline{\bvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\bhat}{\widehat{\bvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\bperp}{\bvec^\perp}\) \(\newcommand{\xhat}{\widehat{\xvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\vhat}{\widehat{\vvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\uhat}{\widehat{\uvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\what}{\widehat{\wvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\Sighat}{\widehat{\Sigma}}\) \(\newcommand{\lt}{<}\) \(\newcommand{\gt}{>}\) \(\newcommand{\amp}{&}\) \(\definecolor{fillinmathshade}{gray}{0.9}\)An Amendment to the U.S. Constitution that prohibits states from violating people’s due process rights.
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- Equity
- Police
- Criminal Justice System
- Fourteenth Amendment
Individual rights protected by law from violation by the government.
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- Civil Liberties
- Adversarial System
- Discretion
- Parole
Treating everyone the same.
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- Discretion
- Parole
- Fourteenth Amendment
- Equality
A trial without a jury, in which the judge serves as the fact-finder.
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- Bench Trial
- Individual Rights
- Due Process Clause
- Finder of Fact
A person (such as a judge) or a group of people (such as a jury) who are responsible for determining the facts in a trial or other legal proceeding.
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- Finder of Fact
- U.S. Code
- Equity
- Justice
The several sets of agencies and processes established by governments to prevent and control crime and impose penalties on those who violate laws.
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- Due Process
- Due Process Clause
- Fifth Amendment
- Criminal Justice System
A civil (rather than military) force tasked with the prevention and detection of crime and disorder, as well as many service functions.
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- Judge
- U.S. Code
- Sheriff’s Deputies
- Police
A complex concept involving the ideas of fairness and conformity to the law.
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- Fourteenth Amendment
- Rule of Law
- Justice
- Equity
Doctrine that says evidence obtained in violation of a criminal defendant’s constitutional or statutory rights is not admissible at trial.
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- Defendant
- Rule of Law
- Exclusionary Rule
- Equity
Government entity authorized to resolve legal disputes.
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- Court
- Fourteenth Amendment
- Parole
- Probation
Both the Fifth and the Fourteenth Amendments contain a __________________ that protect people from fundamentally unfair practices by the criminal justice system.
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- Due Process Clause
- Prosecutor
- Fourteenth Amendment
- Bill of Rights
The principle of government by established law rather than the will of a group or individual.
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- Exclusionary Rule
- Rule of Law
- Bill of Rights
- Retributive Justice
Imprisonment is the same as ___________________
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- Due Process
- Bill of Rights
- Incarceration
- Corrections
Instead of sending an individual to prison, the court releases the person to the community and orders him or her to complete a period of supervision and to abide by certain conditions.
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- Trial by Jury
- Jail
- Probation
- Defendant
An official of the Judicial branch with authority to decide lawsuits brought before courts.
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- Jail
- Finder of Fact
- Parole
- Judge
A Latin legal phrase signifying the law of retaliation, whereby criminals are punished to the same degree and kind as the harm done by their crimes.
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- Lex Talionis
- Criminal Justice System
- Sheriff’s Deputies
- Statute
A type of trial where a jury (usually composed of 12 citizens) decides if the prosecutor has proven guilt beyond a reasonable doubt.
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- Fourteenth Amendment
- Trial by Jury
- Due Process
- Finder of Fact
A legal system of common law origin where two parties advocate opposing positions and a neutral finder of fact such as a judge or jury determines the truth in the matter.
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- Retributive Justice
- Adversarial System
- Jury
- Police
The chief law enforcement officer of a county; the office originated in feudal England as the shire-reeve.
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- Lex Talionis
- Adversarial System
- Sheriff
- Exclusionary Rule
A warranted punishment.
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- Justice
- Exclusionary Rule
- Court
- Just Deserts
An attorney who conducts cases against criminal defendants in the name of the state.
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- Due Process
- Probation
- Procedural Justice
- Prosecutor
Rights related to an individual’s freedom to pursue goals without interference from government.
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- Fourteenth Amendment
- Parole
- Individual Rights
- Bench Trial
A law passed by a legislature.
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- Prison
- Statute
- Defense Counsel
- Judge
____________ imposes restrictions on the government’s prosecution of people accused of crimes.
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- Rule of Law
- Incarceration
- Fifth Amendment
- Due Process
Sometimes called procedural fairness; a synonym of due process.
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- Procedural Justice
- Defendant
- Civil Liberties
- Adversarial System
An act or omission that is prohibited by law and has an associated punishment.
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- Judge
- A dversarial System
- Crime
- Defendant
An institution designed for the confinement of persons found guilty of serious crimes.
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- Prison
- Civil Liberties
- Exclusionary Rule
- Judge
In a civil case, the person or organization against whom the plaintiff brings suit; in a criminal case, the person accused of the crime.
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- Equality
- Due Process Clause
- Just Deserts
- Defendant
Giving everyone what they deserve.
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- Criminal Justice System
- Equity
- Retributive Justice
- Due Process
Sworn law enforcement officers working under the direction of a county sheriff.
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- Exclusionary Rule
- Sheriff’s Deputies
- Fifth Amendment
- Criminal Justice System
The freedom of a criminal justice agent to decide what should be done in a particular situation based on professional judgement.
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- Discretion
- Jail
- Rule of Law
- Retributive Justice
The various methods and institutions by which society deals with criminal offenders, such as prisons, jails, probation, and parole.
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- Corrections
- Adversarial System
- Incarceration
- Crime
A collection of all the laws passed by the Congress of the United States, organized by subject.
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- Civil Liberties
- U.S. Code
- Probation
- Rule of Law
The group of people selected to hear the evidence in a trial and render a verdict on matters of fact.
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- Jail
- Sheriff’s Deputies
- Jury
- Retributive Justice
A lawyer retained for and usually specializing in the legal protection of a person accused of a crime.
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- Prosecutor
- Sheriff’s Deputies
- Equity
- Defense Counsel
A type of early release from prison where the parolee must abide by certain specified conditions and be supervised in the community by a parole officer.
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- Parole
- Fifth Amendment
- Police
- Civil Liberties
In criminal law, the constitutional guarantee that a defendant will receive a fair and impartial trial.
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- Due Process
- Procedural Justice
- Corrections
- Individual Rights
A secure confinement facility that holds persons accused of crimes and persons convicted of minor crimes.
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- Bill of Rights
- Prosecutor
- Fifth Amendment
- Jail
A model of criminal justice based on the punishment of offenders rather than other goals such as rehabilitation.
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- Bill of Rights
- Trial by Jury
- Judge
- Retributive Justice
The first ten Amendments to the Constitution which guarantee many fundamental rights.
- Defense Counsel
- Jail
- Bill of Rights
- Civil Liberties
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