3.4: Filtration and Conditioning

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Describe the purpose of fluid in a fluid power system.

Define contaminant. Identify sources of contaminants and give examples.

Describe how oil can become a contaminant.

Describe the negative effects of contaminants in a fluid power system.

Describe the unit commonly used to measure contaminants.

Describe methods of reducing contaminant entry into a system.

Define a filter and describe a filter’s construction.

Define and differentiate between the terms nominal and absolute rating for a filter.

Define a strainer and differentiate between strainers and filters. Describe common strainer locations. Describe mesh count.

Describe a clogged filter bypass and indicator

Define beta ratio.

Calculate the beta ratio for a filter that has 1000 particles greater than 10µm upstream and 10 particles greater than 10µm downstream.

List different filter locations. Discuss the pressure requirements and describe their operation.

Describe why filters are ordinarily unidirectional. Draw an arrangement of check valves that ensures unidirectional flow through a filter given a bidirectional flow path.

Describe the additional function of a kidney loop/offline filter with respect to viscosity.

List the 3 particle sizes of concern for the ISO Standard 4406:1999.

Determine the particle count for an oil with an 18/16/13 cleanliness rating

Discuss why cleanliness standards must be considered for different applications.
Describe conditioning and differentiate between it and filtration.

Describe tube in shell and baffle heat exchangers employing liquid heat transfer fluids and comment on the purpose of counter flow.
Comment on the purpose of a reservoir and how it is used to passively condition fluid.

Range Code	Particles per mL
	from	up to
24	80000	160000
23	40000	80000
22	20000	40000
21	10000	20000
20	5000	10000
19	2500	5000
18	1300	2500
17	640	1300
16	320	640
15	160	320
14	80	160
13	40	80
12	20	40
11	10	20
10	5	10
9	2.5	5
8	1.3	2.5
7	0.64	1.3
6	0.32	0.64